The Dawn of Green

Manchester, Thirlmere, and Modern Environmentalism

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  • Located
  • in
  • the
  • heart
  • of
  • England’s
  • Lake
  • District,
  • the
  • placid
  • waters
  • of
  • Thirlmere
  • seem
  • to
  • be
  • the
  • embodiment
  • of
  • pastoral
  • beauty.
  • But
  • under
  • their
  • calm
  • surface
  • lurks
  • the
  • legacy
  • of
  • a
  • nineteenth-century
  • conflict
  • that
  • pitted
  • industrial
  • progress
  • against
  • natural
  • conservation—and
  • helped
  • launch
  • the
  • environmental
  • movement
  • as
  • we
  • know
  • it.
  • Purchased
  • by
  • the
  • city
  • of
  • Manchester
  • in
  • the
  • 1870s,
  • Thirlmere
  • was
  • dammed
  • and
  • converted
  • into
  • a
  • reservoir,
  • its
  • water
  • piped
  • one
  • hundred
  • miles
  • south
  • to
  • the
  • burgeoning
  • industrial
  • city
  • and
  • its
  • workforce.
  • This
  • feat
  • of
  • civil
  • engineering—and
  • of
  • natural
  • resource
  • diversion—inspired
  • one
  • of
  • the
  • first
  • environmental
  • struggles
  • of
  • modern
  • times.
  • The
  • Dawn
  • of
  • Green
  • re-creates
  • the
  • battle
  • for
  • Thirlmere
  • and
  • the
  • clashes
  • between
  • conservationists
  • who
  • wished
  • to
  • preserve
  • the
  • lake
  • and
  • developers
  • eager
  • to
  • supply
  • the
  • needs
  • of
  • a
  • growing
  • urban
  • population.
  • Bringing
  • to
  • vivid
  • life
  • the
  • colorful
  • and
  • strong-minded
  • characters
  • who
  • populated
  • both
  • sides
  • of
  • the
  • debate,
  • noted
  • historian
  • Harriet
  • Ritvo
  • revisits
  • notions
  • of
  • the
  • natural
  • promulgated
  • by
  • romantic
  • poets,
  • recreationists,
  • resource
  • managers,
  • and
  • industrial
  • developers
  • to
  • establish
  • Thirlmere
  • as
  • the
  • template
  • for
  • subsequent—and
  • continuing—environmental struggles.
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