Broken Movement

The Neurobiology of Motor Recovery after Stroke

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  • An
  • account
  • of
  • the
  • neurobiology
  • of
  • motor
  • recovery
  • in
  • the
  • arm
  • and
  • hand
  • after
  • stroke
  • by
  • two
  • experts
  • in
  • the
  • field.Stroke
  • is
  • a
  • leading
  • cause
  • of
  • disability
  • in
  • adults
  • and
  • recovery
  • is
  • often
  • difficult,
  • with
  • existing
  • rehabilitation
  • therapies
  • largely
  • ineffective.
  • In
  • Broken
  • Movement,
  • John
  • Krakauer
  • and
  • S.
  • Thomas
  • Carmichael,
  • both
  • experts
  • in
  • the
  • field,
  • provide
  • an
  • account
  • of
  • the
  • neurobiology
  • of
  • motor
  • recovery
  • in
  • the
  • arm
  • and
  • hand
  • after
  • stroke.
  • They
  • cover
  • topics
  • that
  • range
  • from
  • behavior
  • to
  • physiology
  • to
  • cellular
  • and
  • molecular
  • biology.
  • Broken
  • Movement
  • is
  • the
  • only
  • accessible
  • single-volume
  • work
  • that
  • covers
  • motor
  • control
  • and
  • motor
  • learning
  • as
  • they
  • apply
  • to
  • stroke
  • recovery
  • and
  • combines
  • them
  • with
  • motor
  • cortical
  • physiology
  • and
  • molecular
  • biology.
  • The
  • authors
  • cast
  • a
  • critical
  • eye
  • at
  • current
  • frameworks
  • and
  • practices,
  • offer
  • new
  • recommendations
  • for
  • promoting
  • recovery,
  • and
  • propose
  • new
  • research
  • directions
  • for
  • the
  • study
  • of
  • brain
  • repair.Krakauer
  • and
  • Carmichael
  • discuss
  • such
  • subjects
  • as
  • the
  • behavioral
  • phenotype
  • of
  • hand
  • and
  • arm
  • paresis
  • in
  • human
  • and
  • non-human
  • primates;
  • the
  • physiology
  • and
  • anatomy
  • of
  • the
  • motor
  • system
  • after
  • stroke;
  • mechanisms
  • of
  • spontaneous
  • recovery;
  • the
  • time
  • course
  • of
  • early
  • recovery;
  • the
  • challenges
  • of
  • chronic
  • stroke;
  • and
  • pharmacological
  • and
  • stem
  • cell
  • therapies.
  • They
  • argue
  • for
  • a
  • new
  • approach
  • in
  • which
  • patients
  • are
  • subjected
  • to
  • higher
  • doses
  • and
  • intensities
  • of
  • rehabilitation
  • in
  • a
  • more
  • dynamic
  • and
  • enriching
  • environment
  • early
  • after
  • stroke.
  • Finally
  • they
  • review
  • the
  • potential
  • of
  • four
  • areas
  • to
  • improve
  • motor
  • recovery:
  • video
  • gaming
  • and
  • virtual
  • reality,
  • invasive
  • brain
  • stimulation,
  • re-opening
  • the
  • sensitive
  • period
  • after
  • stroke,
  • and
  • the
  • application
  • of
  • precision medicine.
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