Educating Physicians

A Call for Reform of Medical School and Residency

Reeks: Jossey-Bass/Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching

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  • EDUCATING
  • PHYSICIANSThe
  • current
  • blueprint
  • for
  • medical
  • education
  • in
  • North
  • America
  • was
  • drawn
  • up
  • in
  • 1910
  • by
  • Abraham
  • Flexner
  • in
  • his
  • report
  • Medical
  • Education
  • in
  • the
  • United
  • States
  • and
  • Canada.
  • The
  • basic
  • features
  • outlined
  • by
  • Flexner
  • remain
  • in
  • place
  • today.
  • Yet
  • with
  • the
  • past
  • century's
  • enormous
  • societal
  • changes,
  • the
  • practice
  • of
  • medicine
  • and
  • its
  • scientific,
  • pharmacological,
  • and
  • technological
  • foundations
  • have
  • been
  • transformed.
  • Now
  • medical
  • education
  • in
  • the
  • United
  • States
  • is
  • at
  • a
  • crossroads:
  • those
  • who
  • teach
  • medical
  • students
  • and
  • residents
  • must
  • choose
  • whether
  • to
  • continue
  • in
  • the
  • direction
  • established
  • over
  • a
  • hundred
  • years
  • ago
  • or
  • to
  • take
  • a
  • fundamentally
  • different
  • course,
  • guided
  • by
  • contemporary
  • innovation
  • and
  • new
  • understandings
  • about
  • how
  • people
  • learn.Emerging
  • from
  • an
  • extensive
  • study
  • of
  • physician
  • education
  • by
  • The
  • Carnegie
  • Foundation
  • for
  • the
  • Advancement
  • of
  • Teaching,
  • Educating
  • Physicians
  • calls
  • for
  • a
  • major
  • overhaul
  • of
  • the
  • present
  • approach
  • to
  • preparing
  • doctors
  • for
  • their
  • careers.
  • The
  • text
  • addresses
  • major
  • issues
  • for
  • the
  • future
  • of
  • the
  • field
  • and
  • takes
  • a
  • comprehensive
  • look
  • at
  • the
  • most
  • pressing
  • concerns
  • in
  • physician
  • education
  • today.
  • The
  • key
  • findings
  • of
  • the
  • study
  • recommend
  • four
  • goals
  • for
  • medical
  • education:
  • standardization
  • of
  • learning
  • outcomes
  • and
  • individualization
  • of
  • the
  • learning
  • process;
  • integration
  • of
  • formal
  • knowledge
  • and
  • clinical
  • experience;
  • development
  • of
  • habits
  • of
  • inquiry
  • and
  • innovation;
  • and
  • focus
  • on
  • professional
  • identity
  • formation.Like
  • The
  • Carnegie
  • Foundation's
  • revolutionizing
  • Flexner
  • Report
  • of
  • 1910,
  • Educating
  • Physicians
  • is
  • destined
  • to
  • change
  • the
  • way
  • administrators
  • and
  • faculty
  • in
  • medical
  • schools
  • and
  • programs
  • prepare
  • their
  • physicians
  • for
  • the future.
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